2026 Economic Assessment on Proposals to Transfer Ownership of Federal Lands to the State of Idaho

In March of 2026, Backcountry Hunters and Anglers published a 2026 Economic Assessment on proposals to transfer federal public lands to the State of Idaho. The study does not take a position on the transfer of public lands to state ownership. Instead, the study’s stated goal is to identify the potential costs of federal land transfers to the State of Idaho.

The analysis estimates Idaho would assume approximately $837.7 million in annual land management costs currently covered by federal agencies, equivalent to roughly 15.6% of the state’s General Fund.

Beyond direct costs, the report projects broader economic impacts, including nearly $1 billion in lost gross state product, $641 million in lost wages and benefits, and more than 7,400 jobs affected statewide. State and local tax revenues could decline by an estimated $93 million annually.

These findings reinforce the critical role public lands play in Idaho’s economy. Outdoor recreation, tourism, and natural resource industries support a significant share of jobs across the state and are key drivers of business growth, workforce attraction, and community vitality.

While the analysis assumes land use would remain unchanged under state ownership, it notes that increased fiscal pressure could lead to changes in access, management, or land use over time. Overall, the report highlights the importance of maintaining stable, well-funded public land management to support Idaho’s economy, businesses, and quality of life.